Caracterização espectral e monitoramento de manguezais com sensoriamento remoto na costa do Pacífico colombiano: Bajo Baudo, Chocó

Conteúdo do artigo principal

Resumo

O Pacífico colombiano possui extensas áreas de manguezais (BM), que é um ecossistema estratégico de grande importância ambiental e socioeconômica para a mitigação das mudanças climáticas. O objetivo deste trabalho foi realizar a caracterização espectral e o monitoramento de 66,59 km2 para quatro densidades BM em Bajo Baudo (Colômbia), utilizando três imagens Landsat (1998, 2014 e 2017), combinações de bandas espectrais e três índices de vegetação (IV) (Índice de Vegetação por Diferença Normalizada - NDVI, Índice de Vegetação Ajustado pelo Solo - SAVI e Índice Combinado de Reconhecimento de Manguezais - CMRI).


Os resultados mostraram que a melhor combinação de bandas espectrais para identificação visual de BMs correspondeu a cor infravermelha (NIR, Vermelho, Verde) e a falsa cor composta 1 (NIR, SWIR, Vermelho). A assinatura espectral do BM teve comportamentos distintos para as quatro densidades nas condições de baixa e alta maré.


Durante os 19 anos analisados, foi registrada uma diferença de até 17,9% no valor médio da refletância no BM. Da mesma forma, os valores de IV foram proporcionais às densidades de BM, mas seu valor foi reduzido devido aos efeitos da maré no momento da captura das imagens; os maiores aumentos em IV foram registrados na zona costeira de transição terra-água, onde há uma forte interação com a condição das marés. Esta pesquisa contribui para a caracterização e monitoramento espacial do BM com sensores remotos e o estudo espectral deste importante ecossistema na Colômbia.

Detalhes do artigo

Seção
Artículo Científico

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